Histological clinical relationship of glomerular diseases. Five year study.

Abstract

Introduction: The glomerular diseases course with structural and functional damage of the glomerulus, are important cause of evolution to grade 5 chronic kidney disease. The determination of the histological pattern is necessary to define diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.
Objective: To determine the clinical histologic relationship of glomerular diseases diagnosed in patients by renal biopsy.
Methods: Cross-sectional descriptive observational study at the Arnaldo Milián Castro surgical clinical hospital, during January 2015 to December 2019. The sample was 44 patients, selected by intencional, non-probabilistic sampling. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used, with a 95% confidence interval.
Results: The patients ranged in age from 19 to 66 years, the average age was 38.07 ±14.30 years; nephrotic syndrome was diagnosed in 24. Clinical syndromes did not present a significant degree in relation to age, p=0.4589. Of those with nephrotic syndrome 19 showed a glomerular filtration rate greater than or equal to 60 ml/min/1.73m2sc. The predominant histological pattern was IgA nephropathy in 10 patients. In those who presented nephrotic syndrome, 8 had diagnosis of membranous nephropathy. Immunofluorescence evidences deposition in 100% of patients with hematuric syndrome and acute nephritic syndrome.
Conclusions: The average ages of the patients were in the fourth decade of life, with no relationship between age and clinical syndromes. Nephrotic syndrome was the fundamental one. The lowest glomerular filtration rate was present in patients with nephritic and rapidly progressive syndrome. There was a predominance of IgA Nephropathy.