Clinical-epidemiological characterization and causes of death in patients on repeated hemodialysis régimen

Abstract

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease is of public health interest, becoming in recent years one of the most important non-communicable diseases that affects millions of people worldwide.

Objective: To characterize clinically, epidemiologically and the causes of death in patients who begin repeated hemodialysis at the “Dr. Abelardo Buch López” in the period 2011-2022.

Methods: A descriptive retrospective cohort study was carried out in patients with advanced chronic kidney damage who attended the hemodialysis program of the aforementioned center. The universe was made up of 249 patients and the sample was made up of 225 who met the inclusion criteria. Demographic and clinical variables were analyzed. Descriptive statisticians were used and bioethical aspects were respected.

Results: The group of 40 to 59 years old (44.4 %), male sex (63.1 %), white skin color (50.7 %) and normal weight patients (53.8 %) prevailed. 116 patients died; The most frequent underlying cause of death was cardiovascular diseases (50.0 %). In the associated diseases in order of frequency were HTN (65.8 %) and diabetes mellitus (22.2 %); These diseases were at the same time the most frequent causes of the disease with 35.1% and 24.9% respectively. The main clinical condition that motivated the initiation of hemodialysis was uremia (67.1 %). The vascular access that prevailed was the central venous catheter (70.7 %).

Conclusions: The clinical and epidemiological aspects and the main basic causes of death of the patients under study were characterized.